WMO SEA-ICE NOMENCLATURE
ILLUSTRATED GLOSSARY - VOLUME II WMO/OMM/ВМО - No.259 • Edition 1970 - 2017 Ice terms arranged by subject |
1 | | 0 | A.Tyuryakov, Russia, AARI | 1.1.2 Drift ice / pack ice | |
|
2 | | 0 | Russia, AARI | 1.2 Ice of land origin | |
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3 | | | T.Suzuki, Japan | 2.1.1 Frazil ice | |
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4 | | 600 | N.M.Shakirov, USSR | 2.1.2 Grease ice | |
|
5 | | | T.C.Pullen,Canada | 2.1.2 Grease ice | |
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6 | | 100 | Yurij Gavrilov, Russia, AARI, Russian Antarctic Expedition | 2.1.2 Grease ice | |
|
7 | | 600 | N.M.Shakirov, USSR | 2.1.3 Slush | |
|
8 | | | K.S.Simpson,Canada | 2.1.3 Slush | |
|
9 | | 600 | Armed Forces,Canada | 2.1.4 Shuga | |
|
10 | | | J.A.Weaver,Canada | 2.1.4 Shuga | |
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11 | | | V.Yanike, USSR | 2.2.1 Dark nilas | |
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12 | | 1800 | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 2.2.1 Dark nilas | |
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13 | | | N.M.Shakirov, USSR | 2.2.2 Light nilas | |
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14 | | | V.Yanike, USSR | 2.2.2 Light nilas | |
|
15 | | 1800 | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 2.2.3 Ice rind | |
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16 | | | T.Armstrong, Gt.Britain | 2.2.3 Ice rind | |
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17 | | 750 | Armed Forces,Canada | 2.4.1 Grey ice | |
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18 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 2.4.1 Grey ice | |
|
19 | | 300 | A.V.Bushuev, USSR | 2.4.2 Grey-white ice | |
|
20 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 2.4.2 Grey-white ice | |
|
21 | | 750 | Armed Forces,Canada | 2.5.1 Thin first-year ice / white ice | |
|
22 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 2.5.1 Thin first-year ice / white ice | |
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23 | | 1350 | Armed Forces,Canada | 2.5.2 Medium first-year ice | |
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24 | | | A.V.Bushuev, USSR | 2.5.2 Medium first-year ice | |
|
25 | | 400 | V.S.Loshchilov, USSR | 2.5.3 Thick first-year ice | |
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26 | | | A.V.Bushuev, USSR | 2.5.3 Thick first-year ice | |
|
27 | | 10000 | N.M.Shakirov, USSR | 2.6.2 Second-year ice | |
|
28 | | | A.V.Bushuev, USSR | 2.6.2 Second-year ice | |
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29 | | 300 | R.H.W.Hill, Canada | 2.6.2 Second-year ice | |
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30 | | 600 | Armed Forces,Canada | 2.6.3 Multi-year ice | |
|
31 | | 2000 | N.M.Shakirov, USSR | 2.6.3 Multi-year ice | |
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32 | | | A.V.Bushuev, USSR | 2.6.3 Multi-year ice | |
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33 | | 1500 | Armed Forces,Canada | 3.1 Fast ice | |
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34 | | | R.Van Humbeck, Canada | 3.1 Fast ice | |
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35 | | 150 | U.S.Navy | 3.1.1 Young coastal ice | |
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36 | | 1000 | Meteorological Agency, Japan | 3.1.1 Young coastal ice | |
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37 | | | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 3.2 Icefoot | |
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38 | | | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 3.2 Icefoot | |
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39 | | | R.H.W.Hill, Canada | 3.3 Anchor ice | |
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40 | | 100 | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 3.4 Grounded ice | |
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41 | | | Armed Forces,Canada | 3.4 Grounded ice | |
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42 | | | Hydrographic Service, Canada | 3.4.1 Stranded ice | |
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43 | | 500 | Hydrometeorological Inst., USSR | 3.4.2 Grounded hummock | |
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44 | | | USSR | 3.4.2 Grounded hummock | |
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45 | | 500 | Armed Forces,Canada | 4.2.1 Compact ice | |
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46 | | | Meteorological Agency, Japan | 4.2.1 Compact ice | |
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47 | | 200 | Armed Forces,Canada | 4.2.1.1 Consolidated ice | |
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48 | | | J.F.Hurley, Gt.Britain | 4.2.1.1 Consolidated ice | |
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49 | | 1000 | Armed Forces,Canada | 4.2.2 Very close ice | |
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50 | | | Hamburg, Germany (fed. Rep) | 4.2.2 Very close ice | |
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51 | | 300 | USSR | 4.2.3 Close ice | |
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52 | | | R.Van Humbeck, Canada | 4.2.3 Close ice | |
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53 | | 1800 | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 4.2.4 Open ice | |
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54 | | | B.Rodhe, Sweden | 4.2.4 Open ice | |
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55 | | 1800 | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 4.2.5 Very open ice | |
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56 | | | F.Krugler, Germany (Fed. Rep) | 4.2.5 Very open ice | |
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57 | | 600 | Armed Forces,Canada | 4.2.6 Open water | |
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58 | | 600 | Hydrometeorological Inst., USSR | 4.2.7 Bergy water | |
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59 | | | Inst. Low Temperature Science, Japan | 4.3.1 Pancake ice | |
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60 | | | Antarctic Inst., Argentina | 4.3.1 Pancake ice | |
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61 | | 12000 | Armed Forces,Canada | 4.3.2.1 Floe giant | |
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62 | | 12000 | Armed Forces,Canada | 4.3.2.2 Floe vast | |
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63 | | 1800 | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 4.3.2.2 Floe vast | |
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64 | | 12000 | Armed Forces,Canada | 4.3.2.3 Floe big | |
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65 | | 600 | Armed Forces,Canada | 4.3.2.3 Floe big | |
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66 | | 500 | Hydrometeorological Inst., USSR | 4.3.2.4 Floe medium | |
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67 | | | Hakodate Marine Observatory(JMA), Japan | 4.3.2.4 Floe medium | |
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68 | | 100 | Armed Forces,Canada | 4.3.2.5 Floe small | |
|
69 | | | Meteorological Agency, Japan | 4.3.2.5 Floe small | |
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70 | | 250 | Hamburg, Germany (fed. Rep) | 4.3.2.6 Ice cake | |
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71 | | | Hydrographic Service, Canada | 4.3.2.6 Ice cake | |
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72 | | 600 | ARmed Forces,Canada | 4.3.4 Floeberg | |
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73 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 4.3.4 Floeberg | |
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74 | | 500 | USSR | 4.3.5 Ice breccia | |
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75 | | 600 | N.M.Shakirov, USSR | 4.3.6 Brash ice | |
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76 | | | Meteorological Agency, Japan | 4.3.6 Brash ice | |
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77 | | 1800 | Hakodate Marine Observatory(JMA), Japan | 4.4.1 Ice field | |
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78 | | 1800 | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 4.4.1.4 Ice patch | |
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79 | | 500 | Air Force, Finland | 4.4.3 Belt | |
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80 | | | Hamburg, Germany (fed. Rep) | 4.4.3 Belt | |
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81 | | | USSR | 4.4.4 Tongue | |
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82 | | 1500 | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 4.4.4 Tongue | |
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83 | | 300 | Armed Forces,Canada | 4.4.5 Strip | |
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84 | | | R.N.Panzarini, Argentina | 4.4.5 Strip | |
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85 | | 1500 | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 4.4.6 Bight | |
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86 | | | USSR | 4.4.6 Bight | |
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87 | | 300 | Armed Forces,Canada | 4.4.7 Ice jam | |
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88 | | 500 | G.Tauber, USSR | 4.4.8.1 Compacted ice edge | |
|
89 | | | U.S.Navy | 4.4.8.1 Compacted ice edge | |
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90 | | 100 | N.M.Shakirov, USSR | 4.4.8.2 Diffuse ice edge | |
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91 | | 300 | USSR | 4.4.9.1 Fast ice boundary | |
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92 | | 600 | Armed Forces,Canada | 4.4.9.2 Concentration boundary | |
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93 | | 10 | Prof. Art Baggeroer, MIT | 4.4.11 Marginal Ice Zone | |
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94 | | 200 | N.M.Shakirov, USSR | 7.1 Fracture | |
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95 | | | Inst. Low Temperature Science, Japan | 7.1 Fracture | |
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96 | | 600 | Armed Forces,Canada | 7.1.1 Crack | |
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97 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 7.1.1 Crack | |
|
98 | | | U.S.Navy | 7.1.1.1 Tide crack | |
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99 | | | G.Taylor, Gt.Britain | 7.1.1.1 Tide crack | |
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100 | | 550 | Armed Forces,Canada | 7.1.1.2 Flaw | |
|
101 | | | Antarctic Inst., Argentina | 7.1.1.2 Flaw | |
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102 | | 1800 | Meteorological Agency, Japan | 7.2 Fracture zone | |
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103 | | 600 | Armed Forces,Canada | 7.3 Lead | |
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104 | | | N.M.Shakirov, USSR | 7.3 Lead | |
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105 | | 600 | Trans-Antarctig Expedition, Gt. Britain | 7.3.1 Shore lead | |
|
106 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 7.3.1 Shore lead | |
|
107 | | | Armed Forces,Canada | 7.3.2 Flaw lead | |
|
108 | | | V.A.Voevodin, USSR | 7.3.2 Flaw lead | |
|
109 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 7.4.1 Shore polynya | |
|
110 | | | U.S.Navy | 7.4.2 Flaw polynya | |
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111 | | | J.S.Fabricius, Denmark | 8.1 Level ice | |
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112 | | | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 8.1 Level ice | |
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113 | | | USSR | 8.2.1 Rafted ice | |
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114 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 8.2.1 Rafted ice | |
|
115 | | | USSR | 8.2.1.1 Ice rafting concentration | |
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116 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 8.2.1.1 Ice rafting concentration | |
|
117 | | 600 | Armed Forces,Canada | 8.2.2.1 New ridge | |
|
118 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 8.2.2.1 New ridge | |
|
119 | | 600 | Armed Forces,Canada | 8.2.2.2 Weathered ridge | |
|
120 | | | U.S.Navy | 8.2.2.2 Weathered ridge | |
|
121 | | 600 | Armed Forces,Canada | 8.2.2.3 Very weathered ridge | |
|
122 | | | A.V.Bushuev, USSR | 8.2.2.3 Very weathered ridge | |
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123 | | | U.S.Navy | 8.2.2.4 Aged ridge | |
|
124 | | | U.S.Navy | 8.2.2.4 Aged ridge | |
|
125 | | 600 | Armed Forces,Canada | 8.2.2.6 Ridged ice | |
|
126 | | | H.G.Ponting, Gt.Britain | 8.2.2.6 Ridged ice | |
|
127 | | | U.S.Navy | 8.2.2.6.1 Ridged ice zone | |
|
128 | | | USSR | 8.2.3.1 Ice ridge concentration | |
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129 | | | Meteorological Agency, Japan | 8.2.3.1 Ice ridge concentration | |
|
130 | | 225 | A.V.Bushuev, USSR | 8.3 Standing floe | |
|
131 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 8.3 Standing floe | |
|
132 | | | U.S.Coast Guard | 8.4 Ram | |
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133 | | | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 8.4 Ram | |
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134 | | 600 | Armed Forces,Canada | 8.5 Bare ice | |
|
135 | | | National Film Board, Canada | 8.5 Bare ice | |
|
136 | | 300 | Armed Forces,Canada | 8.6 Snow-covered ice | |
|
137 | | | U.S.Navy | 8.6 Snow-covered ice | |
|
138 | | 1000 | Armed Forces,Canada | 8.6.1 Snow cover concentration | |
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139 | | | B.Fristrup, Denmark | 8.6.1 Snow cover concentration | |
|
140 | | 300 | Armed Forces,Canada | 8.6.2 Sastrugi | |
|
141 | | | H.G.Ponting, Gt.Britain | 8.6.2 Sastrugi | |
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142 | | 10 | V.M.Smolyanitsky, Russia | 8.7 Dirty ice | |
|
143 | | 10 | Matthias Wietz | 8.8 Frost flowers | |
|
144 | | | U.S.Navy | 9.1 Puddle | |
|
145 | | | U.S.Navy | 9.1 Puddle | |
|
146 | | | M.Dunbar, Canada | 9.2 Thaw holes | |
|
147 | | 450 | R.Van Humbeck, Canada | 9.2 Thaw holes | |
|
148 | | 300 | N.M.Shakirov, USSR | 9.3 Dried ice | |
|
149 | | | E.M.Bartashevich, USSR | 9.3 Dried ice | |
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150 | | 400 | U.S.Navy | 9.4 Rotten ice | |
|
151 | | | J.S.Fabricius, Denmark | 9.4 Rotten ice | |
|
152 | | 200 | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 9.5 Flooded ice | |
|
153 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 9.5 Flooded ice | |
|
154 | | 1500 | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 10.2.1 Glacier | |
|
155 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 10.2.1 Glacier | |
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156 | | | R.N.Panzarini, Argentina | 10.2.2 Ice wall | |
|
157 | | | Geodetic Institute, Denmark Permit A 298/69 | 10.2.3 Ice stream | |
|
158 | | | Geodetic Institute, Denmark Permit A 298/69 | 10.2.4 Glacier tongue | |
|
159 | | 3000 | U.S.Navy | 10.3 Ice shelf | |
|
160 | | | Antarctic Inst., Argentina | 10.3.1 Ice front | |
|
161 | | | U.S.Coast Guard | 10.3.1 Ice front | |
|
162 | | | U.S.Coast Guard | 10.4.2 Iceberg | |
|
163 | | | National Inst. Of Oceanography, Gt.Britain | 10.4.2 Iceberg | |
|
164 | | | U.S.Navy | 10.4.2.2 Tabular berg | |
|
165 | | | R.N.Panzarini, Argentina | 10.4.2.2 Tabular berg | |
|
166 | | 1000 | J.A.Weaver,Canada | 10.4.2.3 Iceberg tongue | |
|
167 | | 6000 | Armed Forces,Canada | 10.4.3 Ice island | |
|
168 | | | R.H.W.Hill, Canada | 10.4.3 Ice island | |
|
169 | | 300 | R.H.W.Hill, Canada | 10.4.3 Ice island | |
|
170 | | | R.Van Humbeck, Canada | 10.4.3 Ice island | |
|
171 | | 160 | Kenting Aviation, Canada | 10.4.4 Bergy bit | |
|
172 | | | U.S.Coast Guard | 10.4.4 Bergy bit | |
|
173 | | | U.S.Coast Guard | 10.4.5 Growler | |
|
174 | | | R.Van Humbeck, Canada | 10.4.5 Growler | |
|
175 | | | Defence Research Boat, Canada | 11.1 Water sky | |
|
176 | | | Y.Y.Gakkel, USSR | 11.2 Ice blink | |
|
177 | | 200 | H.H.Valeur, Denmark | 11.3 Frost smoke | |
|
178 | | | R.Van Humbeck, Canada | 11.3 Frost smoke | |
|
179 | | 100 | Air Force, Finland | 12.1 Beset | |
|
180 | | 550 | Armed Forces,Canada | 12.2 Ice-bound | |
|
181 | | | U.S.Navy | 12.7 Area of weakness | |
|
182 | | | U.S.Navy | 13.4 Bummock | |
|